rbenv を使用して Ruby のバージョンごとに gem の異なるコピーを保持する方法

概要

まず、Ruby 2.6.3 で fluentd をインストールしました。

$ rbenv versions
* system (set by /Users/jing/.rbenv/version)
  2.7.5
$ gem
gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 3.0.3
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.6.3 (2019-04-16 patchlevel 62) [universal.x86_64-darwin19]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem/ruby/2.6.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby
  - GIT EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/git
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Library/Ruby/Site
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - universal-darwin-19
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/jing/.gem
     - /Users/jing/.gem/ruby/2.6.0
     - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0
     - /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/1.2.0/libexec
     - /Users/jing/.rbenv/shims
     - /Users/jing/.tiup/bin
     - /Users/jing/opt/anaconda3/condabin
     - /usr/local/sbin
     - /Users/jing/code/github/zk-code/scripts
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-zookeeper-3.5.5-bin/bin
     - /Users/jing/code/github/trace/sky/skywalking-cli/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-skywalking-apm-bin-es7/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/ruby/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-maven-3.6.3/bin
     - /Users/jing/.gem/bin
     - /Users/jing/.cargo/bin
     - /Users/jing/code/github/rtc/depot_tools
     - /Users/jing/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-skywalking-apm-bin-es7/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/confluent-6.1.0/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/findutils/libexec/gnubin
     - /usr/local/opt/gnu-sed/libexec/gnubin
     - /Users/jing/tools/mongodb-osx-x86_64-4.0.2/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/[email protected]/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/spark-2.2.0-bin-hadoop2.7/bin
     - /Users/jing/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin
     - /Library/TeX/texbin
     - /Library/Apple/usr/bin
     - /Applications/Wireshark.app/Contents/MacOS
     - /Users/jing/go/bin
     - /Users/jing/.pub-cache/bin
     - /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/fzf/bin
$ gem install fluentd
Successfully installed fluentd-1.14.3
Parsing documentation for fluentd-1.14.3
Done installing documentation for fluentd after 3 seconds
1 gem installed
$ ls ~/.gem/gems -lrt | tail -n1
drwxr-xr-x 28 jing staff 896 Dec  7 10:33 fluentd-1.14.3
$ head -n1 ~/.gem/bin/fluentd
#!/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby

次に、rbenv を使用して Ruby 2.7.5 を選択し、fluentd を再度インストールしました。

$ rbenv shell 2.7.5
$ gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 3.1.6
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.7.5 (2021-11-24 patchlevel 203) [x86_64-darwin19]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem/ruby/2.7.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/jing/.rbenv/versions/2.7.5/bin/ruby
  - GIT EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/git
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Users/jing/.rbenv/versions/2.7.5/etc
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-19
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/jing/.gem
     - /Users/jing/.gem/ruby/2.7.0
     - /Users/jing/.rbenv/versions/2.7.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/jing/.rbenv/versions/2.7.5/bin
     - /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/1.2.0/libexec
     - /Users/jing/.rbenv/shims
     - /Users/jing/.tiup/bin
     - /Users/jing/opt/anaconda3/condabin
     - /usr/local/sbin
     - /Users/jing/code/github/zk-code/scripts
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-zookeeper-3.5.5-bin/bin
     - /Users/jing/code/github/trace/sky/skywalking-cli/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-skywalking-apm-bin-es7/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/ruby/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-maven-3.6.3/bin
     - /Users/jing/.gem/bin
     - /Users/jing/.cargo/bin
     - /Users/jing/code/github/rtc/depot_tools
     - /Users/jing/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin
     - /Users/jing/tools/apache-skywalking-apm-bin-es7/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/confluent-6.1.0/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/findutils/libexec/gnubin
     - /usr/local/opt/gnu-sed/libexec/gnubin
     - /Users/jing/tools/mongodb-osx-x86_64-4.0.2/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/[email protected]/bin
     - /Users/jing/tools/spark-2.2.0-bin-hadoop2.7/bin
     - /Users/jing/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin
     - /Library/TeX/texbin
     - /Library/Apple/usr/bin
     - /Applications/Wireshark.app/Contents/MacOS
     - /Users/jing/go/bin
     - /Users/jing/.pub-cache/bin
     - /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/fzf/binio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin
     - /usr/local/opt/fzf/bin
$ gem install fluentd
Successfully installed fluentd-1.14.3
Parsing documentation for fluentd-1.14.3
Done installing documentation for fluentd after 3 seconds
1 gem installed
$ ls ~/.gem/gems -lrt | tail -n1
drwxr-xr-x 28 jing staff 896 Dec  7 10:37 fluentd-1.14.3
$ head -n1 ~/.gem/bin/fluentd
#!/Users/jing/.rbenv/versions/2.7.5/bin/ruby

上記のコンソールセッションから、Fluent が同じ場所に再インストールされていることがわかりました。

ある Ruby バージョンの gem が他の Ruby バージョンの gem を上書きすることは望ましくありません。 1 つの Ruby バージョンに対して 1 つの gem を個別に保持する方法はありますか?

解決策

設計上、それはできません。プロジェクトではこれを機能とみなしています。

まあ一つ。 rbenv は Ruby のバージョンの切り替えのみを対象としています。

プラグインを使用して Gemset を作成し、アプリケーションごとに切り替えることができます。

私は使用したことがありませんが、rbenv-gemset プラグインを使用すると、目的のものが得られるようです: https://github.com/jf/rbenv-gemset。

インストールしたら、プロジェクトのルートディレクトリにデフォルトの gemset を作成できます。

ジェムセットの初期化